Nauru source: CIA World Factbook 1998 |
Location: Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands
Geographic coordinates: 0 32 S, 166 55 E
Map references: Oceania
Area:
total: 21 sq km
land: 21 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Areacomparative: about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 30 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: tropical; monsoonal; rainy season (November to February)
Terrain: sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m
Natural resources: phosphates
Land use:
arable land: NA%
permanent crops: NA%
permanent pastures: NA%
forests and woodland: NA%
other: 100% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: NA sq km
Natural hazards: periodic droughts
Environmentcurrent issues: limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater; intensive phosphate mining during the past 90 yearsmainly by a UK, Australia, and New Zealand consortiumhas left the central 90% of Nauru a wasteland and threatens limited remaining land resources
Environmentinternational agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geographynote: Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Oceanthe others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator
Population: 10,501 (July 1998 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA
65 years and over: NA
Population growth rate: 1.33% (1998 est.)
Birth rate: 18.03 births/1,000 population (1998 est.)
Death rate: 5.1 deaths/1,000 population (1998 est.)
Net migration rate: 0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1998 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 40.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1998 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 66.68 years
male: 64.3 years
female: 69.18 years (1998 est.)
Total fertility rate: 2.08 children born/woman (1998 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Nauruan(s)
adjective: Nauruan
Ethnic groups: Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8%
Religions: Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic)
Languages: Nauruan (official, a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes
Literacy: NA
Country name:
conventional long form: Republic of Nauru
conventional short form: Nauru
former: Pleasant Island
Data code: NR
Government type: republic
National capital: no official capital; government offices in Yaren District
Administrative divisions: 14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren
Independence: 31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, New Zealand-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship)
National holiday: Independence Day, 31 January (1968)
Constitution: 29 January 1968
Legal system: acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law
Suffrage: 20 years of age; universal and compulsory
Executive branch:
chief of state: President Kinza CLODUMAR (since 8 February 1997); notethe
president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Kinza CLODUMAR (since 8 February 1997); notethe
president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of Parliament
elections: president elected by Parliament for a three-year term; election last
held 8 February 1997 (next to be held NA 2000)
election results: Kinza CLODUMAR elected president; percent of Parliament
voteNA
note: President CLODUMAR is the country's fifth president in five months
Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular
vote to serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 18 November 1995 (next to be held NA November 1998)
election results: percent of voteNA; seatsindependents 18
Judicial branch: Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders: loose multi-party system; Nauru Party (informal), Bernard DOWIYOGO; Democratic Party, Kennan ADEANG
International organization participation: AsDB, C (special), ESCAP, ICAO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, UPU, WHO
Diplomatic representation in the US: Nauru does not have an embassy in the US
consulate(s): Agana (Guam)
Diplomatic representation from the US: the US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru
Flag description: blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru
Economyoverview: Revenues come from the export of phosphates, the reserves of which are expected to be exhausted by the year 2000. Phosphates have given Nauruans one of the highest per capita incomes in the Third World, but incomes probably will drop sharply in the future. Few other resources exist, so most necessities must be imported, including fresh water from Australia. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. Substantial amounts of phosphate income are invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition. However, dividends from the trusts have declined sharply since 1990 and the government has been borrowing heavily from the trusts to finance fiscal deficits. In an effort to stem further escalation of fiscal problems, the government has called for a freeze on wages for two years, a reduction of over-staffed public service departments, drastic cutbacks in hiring new government staff, privatization of numerous government agencies, and closure of some overseas consulates.
GDP: purchasing power parity$100 million (1993 est.)
GDPreal growth rate: NA%
GDPper capita: purchasing power parity$10,000 (1993 est.)
GDPcomposition by sector:
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA%
Inflation rateconsumer price index: -3.6% (1993)
Labor force:
by occupation: employed in mining phosphates, public administration, education, and
transportation
Unemployment rate: 0%
Budget:
revenues: $23.4 million
expenditures: $64.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY95/96)
Industries: phosphate mining, financial services, coconut products
Industrial production growth rate: NA%
Electricitycapacity: 10,000 kW (1995)
Electricityproduction: 30 million kWh (1995)
Electricityconsumption per capita: 2,956 kWh (1995)
Agricultureproducts: coconuts predominate
Exports:
total value: $25.3 million (f.o.b., 1991)
commodities: phosphates
partners: Australia, NZ
Imports:
total value: $21.1 million (c.i.f., 1991)
commodities: food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery
partners: Australia, UK, NZ, Japan
Debtexternal: $33.3 million
Economic aid:
recipient: ODA, $2.25 million from Australia (FY96/97 est.)
Currency: 1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents
Exchange rates: Australian dollars ($A) per US$11.5281 (January 1998), 1.3439 (1997), 1.2773 (1996), 1.3486 (1995), 1.3667 (1994), 1.4704 (1993)
Fiscal year: 1 July30 June
Telephones: 2,000 (1989 est.)
Telephone system: adequate local and international radiotelephone communications
provided via Australian facilities
domestic: NA
international: satellite earth station1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0
Radios: 4,000 (1993 est.)
Television broadcast stations: 1 (1991 est.)
Televisions: NA
Railways:
total: 3.9 km; noteused to haul phosphates from the center of the island to
processing facilities on the southwest coast
Highways:
total: 30 km
paved: 24 km
unpaved: 6 km (1996 est.)
Ports and harbors: Nauru
Merchant marine: none
Airports: 1 (1997 est.)
Airportswith paved runways:
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (1997 est.)
Military branches: no regular armed forces; Directorate of the Nauru Police Force
Military expendituresdollar figure: $NA
Military expenditurespercent of GDP: NA%
Disputesinternational: none
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