HISTORY
After the destruction of the Seleucid Empire, the first Armenian state
was founded in 190 BC. At its zenith, from 95 to 55 BC, Armenia
extended its rule over the area of what is now eastern Turkey. For a
time, Armenia was the strongest state in the Roman East. It became
part of the Roman Empire and adopted a Western political,
philosophical, and religious orientation.
In 301 AD, Armenia became the first nation to adopt Christianity as a
state religion, establishing in the 6th century a church that still exists
independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches.
During its later political eclipses, Armenia depended on the church to
preserve and protect its unique identity.
Between the 4th and 19th centuries, Armenia was conquered and ruled
by, among others, Persians, Byzantines, Arabs, Mongols, and Turks.
For a brief period from 1918 to 1920, it was an independent republic.
In late 1920, the communists came to power, and in 1922, Armenia
became part of the Trans-Caucasian Soviet Socialist Republic. In 1936,
it became the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. Armenia declared its
independence from the Soviet Union on September 23, 1991.
source: U.S. State Department Background Notes 1996
